Tag Archives: Africa

Photographing Burundi

African photography is on the rise. From street to art photography, conceptual and documentary to fashion photography, homegrown photographers (not only in the Francophone-African countries) are increasingly stepping up to show their world what they see when they look through the lens, following decades of photographic misrepresentation, or reduction, by observers from outside the continent.

You could call it a luxury problem, but when Arnaud Gwaga Mugisha talks about one of his “hardest struggles” he’s actually referring to the the fact that as a student abroad he had a very difficult time finding beautiful images of his home country to brag with. “Burundi might be poor, but its landscapes are magnificent and its inhabitants are truly loving people,” says the photographer from Bujumbura, Burundi’s capital.

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Though he already had a management degree, he decided three years ago to head in a different direction. “I fooled myself into wanting to become someone I actually wasn’t. After dating a photographer, I had the courage to tell myself that it was OK to have spend four years studying and end up doing something completely different afterwards, so I picked up a camera. I should add that support from friends and family made me want to pursue the field of photography as well.” Things fell into place when he started to receive encouraging comments from strangers via social media and from viewers close to home.

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“What I did was develop a segment I knew I could run a business in: commercials photography [i.e. advertising]. So after another study – in which I specialised in photographing hotels, currently a booming business here – I teamed up with graphic and web designers to found a creative firm. We focus on commercial work with the intention of reaching other nations, and by doing so change perceptions of Burundi.”

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Mugisha chooses and shoots his landscapes, portraits and cultural events carefully to show the “outstanding and captivating” features of his country. His company also works in neighbouring Rwanda, and is preparing for fierce competition in Kenya, Tanzania and Uganda, countries further in the game. “To achieve my goals I will have to partner with locals and let them run the creative section while I stay behind the camera. That way I can set myself apart, and vice versa.”

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“In all honestly, says Mugisha, “I’m not a photojournalist; I’m a marketeer.” According to him, the continent needs some serious rebranding – “away from hunger and need for charity.” He made a pledge to himself to never photograph anything bad in Africa; to do so would only be counterproductive. “When the people of a country love their place I can trust them to market it as such. Therefore, I always reflect on why I take an image and often find myself asking questions like ‘Will the diaspora love this shot?’” Giving Burundians the chance to see themselves portrayed differently by one of their own is Mugisha’s goal. And with more Burundians having access to internet and using social media, it’s easier than ever for him to reach more and more of them.

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Yet photography is still a new domain in Burundi, and one not often associated with professionalism. Mugisha has to endure questions from people asking about his “hobby” and why he isn’t getting a “serious job.” “There is a certain limitation in earning a living as a photographer in one of the poorest countries in the world. As photographers in Africa, I think we need to take ourselves a little more seriously as well. Specialise and develop in specific fields. I’m a commercials photographer but to earn a living I shoot weddings as well. I should just focus on that one thing: rebranding Burundi.” Every photographer has his or her audience and where non-Africans mainly shoot for westerners, Mugisha’s audience is primarily local. “Of course I aim for an international market, too: they should see that Africans can smile, dress well and live in a breathtaking place. And luckily I can cover everything there is to see in this great variety of landscapes and people, because Burundi is only a small country, but it’s full of beauty.”

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Telling the truth about Africa with photography

African photography is on the rise. From street to art photography, conceptual and documentary to fashion photography, homegrown photographers (not only in the Francophone-African countries) are increasingly stepping up to show their world what they see when they look through the lens, following decades of photographic misrepresentation, or reduction, by observers from outside the continent.

If only he knew what he exactly wanted to show, his life would be a lot easier. But for Ghanaian photographer Nana Kofi Acquah, Africa is a never-ending journey of discovery.

“My aim is to show the beauty of Africa, and so far I’ve just been sharing my experiences with my viewers. I see myself therefore more as a storyteller who uses his camera as a medium.” Acquah grew up in his grandmother’s pub in Elmina, Ghana, just two hundred metres away from São Jorge da Mina, the first slave castle built in sub-Sahara Africa. “It [the pub] was the hotspot for every kind of gossip and the place where I learned to develop a keen ear. To date, I think one of my best gifts is my ability to listen and even to hear what is not being vocalised.”

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Using this gift Acquah works all over Africa, though he speaks only three of the thousands of languages spoken on the continent. So he’d be the first person to admit that he only scratches the surface. “People tend to think that because I am African, I know the continent better. They think I am more in tune with the cultures, but this is far from the truth. When you consider the fact that each language represents a way of seeing and embodies diverse belief systems and ideologies, you discover that whatever I do now is only the tip of iceberg.” It’s the unknown however that motivates him. The fact that he might see or hear something new tomorrow.

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His work is a combination of documentary and commercial photography.  Having been initiated into photography via the commercial side, he found his passion for storytelling leading him towards documentary, and noticed that no matter how hard he tried, his pictures always looked “a bit glossy”. “I saw that as a weakness for a long time, till I realised that no matter how hard I tried, I can never run away from the fact that it’s part of me and my past.

This past life came to an end seven years ago when Kofi dropped everything after five successful years in advertising to pursue a full-time career in photography. After starting off as a copywriter and accidentally picking up a camera because they needed to take pictures for design layouts, he kept on improving. Upon reaching the point where in his job as creative director at advertising agency TBWA the clients often preferred his pictures to those of his professional colleagues, he knew his competence in photography could make him a career in photography. “Years before that I worked as a radio presenter and even though the fame was nice, I got bored at some point. I felt the visual part of me was dying – my childhood dream was to become a painter – and changed to advertising. Now felt I had to make another change, even though the timing was bad with a family to support and not much money in the bank. The early days were tough but perseverance always pays off.”

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Luckily Acquah persevered, because when he made the change he became a joke in many circles. “Most educated Africans – and Ghanaians in particular – believe that the only mark of good education and intelligence is when one works as a lawyer, banker, doctor, engineer, pilot or professor for example. They don’t realise that if well-educated folk don’t take on the responsibility of telling Africa’s stories, we will always be at the mercy of those who tell our stories for us. With digital cameras becoming affordable, I am seeing a lot more young people taking up photography and this is the beginning of the journey to correct Africa’s image after over a hundred years of photographic misinterpretation.”

Yet the photographer doesn’t want to go out to “educate” or “change opinions”. He thinks it’s dangerous to work with this mindset and a very presumptuous idea. “It assumes that one knows what’s best for another and unfortunately much of what has been created on Africa was done by people who were intent on showing us the way; totally disregarding their own blindness.” For that reason he tries to stay as neutral as possible. As much as he would like to always paint Ghana and Africa in a positive light, there is also the fact there is a lot that happens on the continent that isn’t positive. “I see it as a gross injustice towards the victims if people like me turn a blind eye to their stressful situations. It’s about showing a truthful image, contrary to the fact that western media has over centuries focused so much on Africa’s negatives. People now think that’s all there is, when the reality is all the rot won’t even account for five percent of what Africa is.”

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From his hometown of Kokrobite, a tiny village outside the capital Accra on the coast, he works all across Africa for corporations like FIFA, Nike and BASF, NGOs like UNESCO, WaterAid and CARE, and magazines/newspapers like Geo France, The Guardian and The Financial Times. Ghana is his hub, and from there he’s travelled to Cameroon, Uganda, Angola, Nigeria, Mali, Senegal, Gambia, Ivory Coast and Liberia. Travelling so much for work has its difficulties and challenges, the three main ones being access, cost and culture. “Gaining access to certain parts of the continent is just difficult. You can think of this in terms of going to remote villages and towns, but even traveling from one African country to another can be difficult. Travelling within Africa can be extremely expensive, and when one finds himself where the story is, then there is the cultural and languages barrier to cross. At the end of the day, however, nothing inspires me like this continent because of all the diversity it offers.”

And there are more positive sides, because the continent’s rising economy brings more prosperity to photography enthusiasts in Africa; for Acquah that means more people asking to buy prints. “And a lot of young people can now afford some good cameras so we are also getting a lot of new photographers every day. Next to that, fortunately because of the internet, there is also a rapid growth in competence within the photography community. The internet really takes away every excuse we used to have for when we performed poorly in any endeavour.” Of course it helps that photographers like Acquah spread their message and photography via the Instagram group ,everydayafrica’, for example.

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And we mustn’t forget the bridge the internet creates between African and non-African photographers. “Before, I think that most foreigners came with preconceived notions and went around looking for images that fit their prejudice. Fortunately, that attitude is gradually changing: I see a lot more effort by non-African photographers to change the rhetoric. The difference between my work and that of non-African photographers is something the viewer perceives more than I do, however, I don’t compare myself to anyone – foreign or national.” That leads Acquah to another observation: “Ghanaians don’t collaborate.” It’s a cultural problem, in his opinion, of which he also is guilty. “We keep our ideas and opportunities to ourselves and only invite our colleagues to our exhibitions and ask them to like our published work on social media. If we never become as strong a force, as say the Nigerians, this will be what did us in – self-centredness.” Words his colleagues throughout the continent should probably pay heed to.

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The new African Photography

African photography is on the rise. From street to art photography, conceptual and documentary to fashion photography, homegrown photographers (not only in the Francophone-African countries) are increasingly stepping up to show their world what they see when they look through the lens, following decades of photographic misrepresentation, or reduction, by observers from outside the continent.

Not only is Emeka Okereke (1980) one of the Nigeria’s most high profile contemporary photographers, he is also the founder of Invisible Borders, an artist-led initiative that brings several upcoming African artists together for an annual road-trip in order to question the photographic representation of their continent. ’A photograph is a window and not the view. Don’t photograph what you see, photograph what you feel’, he tells the participants. That’s what he does himself and it’s an approach that allows him to explore questions of co-existence, otherness and self-discovery. Okereke’s work often includes subtle references to socio-political issues, which he also addresses by non-photographic means: poetry, video and collaborative projects.

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‘There is a sense of responsibility in my work, together with consciousness. I want to show the public the changing situation of Africa, but first we need to sensitise them to actually be able to see this.’ By deciphering hidden lines and using his travels and experiences – Okereke lives and works between Africa and Europe – he tries to understand the world he’s living in from an African point of view. ’Only after that can I try to make the rest of the world change their perception of our continent. By putting emphasis on the way we live our lives I try to steer away from the negative (stereotypical) image that people have of Africa. We have our own kind of organisation, that comes from improvisation’, he explains. He points out though, that this is a very tricky subject. The pitfall of romanticisation or commodification beckons, and with those you miss your goal. ’Emphasising either extreme just works in an averted way.’

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For Okereke, Africans don’t have to justify themselves to anyone. Nowadays, African artists and photographers are forced to take a stance and make a big deal out of what they do, he says. ’Where we actually should take the freedom to show or tell what we want, be creative and try to find the right balance. It’s almost a cliché, but somehow Africans don’t see that they can investigate their own position and that way be active without getting boxed in to a issue. Because if they divert, they won’t get noticed anymore. We’re not free to do what we want yet.’

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Part of the reason why Okereke has such an outspoken opinion about the status of photography in Africa is because he’s been part of the Depth of Field collective (DoF) for over ten years. Just two years after he came in contact with photography in 2001 and not even five years after he first touched a camera to capture his siblings going to church, he became the assistant of another Nigerian photographer, Uche James-Iroha. Uche was one of the founders of the group of six professionals in DoF and being around him every day eased Emeka’s way into the collective as the youngest member. ’It was like the school I never had. Not just a project, but a way of life. DoF is a group of friends actually, who when they get together talk solely about the photographic portrayal of Africa, aesthetics and their subjects.’ Together with colleagues like Kelechi Amadi-Obi and Akinbode Akinbiyi, Uche created a sort of a radical environment for Okereke. It quickly resulted in honour and praise, with Uche winning the Best Young Photographer award at the Bamako Photo Festival in 2003.

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‘Photography is a powerful tool and I do feel that I have a task to fulfill as a photographer. Sometimes situations that cannot be explained, can be shown. My pictures are not merely images, something static. They’re windows to possibilities, can be read and interpreted differently, lending themself to the flexibility of shifting contexts.’ Okereke, who has exhibited in biennales and art festivals in different cities around the world, is constantly looking for answers, not paying heed to received wisdom. He just wants to see Africa anew by experimenting within his own reality, with history as his guide. He is optimistic, and why wouldn’t he be? ’There is a lot of energy flowing through Nigeria when it comes to the future of photography. The audience is positive about our work. Young people are very interested in new directions to follow and internet gives them a stage to show their images to the world. And all over the continent female photographers are stepping up, watch that!’

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According to Okereke, the rise of African photography goes hand in hand with the growth of an entire ecosystem. ’There have to be people writing about photography, galleries showing it, videographers willing to cooperate and bloggers spreading the work’, he explains. ’It’s a new generation of students and young professionals that is concerned with this, all to create a better understanding of the work of photographers. Education within these sectors is therefore a very important factor.’ This explains why he organises projects with artistic interventions, promoting exchanges that cut across indigenous and international platforms. He led the first ever photographic exchange projects between a school in France and one in Nigeria. ’I tell these students that they can photograph anything; there are no boundaries. If they diversify, the complete story will come out. You need to see the potential, be sensitive to talent and give people room to grow.’

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Wherever he is, Okereke’s photography is African. He doesn’t feel that he has to explain why his work is African, because he is one himself. The moment he starts to fight that, he says, he’d box himself in again. ‘It’s just a different context. What is going to change the perspective of Africa is not what you do or how you do it, but what influences you and what you show the outside world. I allow myself to change and let myself become an embodiment of that change. My photography will reflect that and hopefully affect others and their perceptive.’

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A movement of new African photography

Conflicts, poverty, diseases and misery those are unfortunately still the general aspects with which foreign media characterizes the African continent. Heartbreaking images just sell a lot better then pictures of happy, smiling Africans. Yet there are enough photographers, domestic and foreign, who are also willing to show the other side of life and go in-depth to portray Africa through the eyes of professionals who actually do care about this continent.

The visual resurrection of a continent

Giving those without a voice hope and a goal, that’s why Joe Lukhovi undertakes on his endless journey to photograph the real life in Kenya. The 24 year old photographer from Nairobi feels it’s his duty to show the ‘invisible reality’ of his African home country and shine a light on those aspects that many foreigners never get to see. Without any photographic education – those were not available in Kenya at the time – he just went into the streets and developed himself into a documentary photographer. ‘Photography is my way to let the identity of closed communities emerge. It’s plainly wrong to only show the negative sides of a country and skip the positive ones. We have been the victim of twisted foreign reporting that only serve the wrong purposes. As an African it therefore feels as my task to show people the true image.’

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Lukhovi doesn’t stand alone in his opinion about the imaging that since decennia exists of the African continent. Also the South-African Anthony Bila, founder of the picture blog ‘The Expressionist’ and also autodidact, is tired of the misconceptions and prejudices about his continent. ‘That’s why I take it to the streets in South Africa to show my country on a day to day basis. I won’t to step off the one dimensional view that is being fed to us by international mass media. Africa is anything but lost, instead it’s a place full of possibilities and beauty. We Africans can tell our own story in our own way.’ Putting the continent into a new perspective, with a fresh and new look and at the same time show a deeper layer. That’s exactly what a new wave of contemporary photographers who work on the African continent have in mind. And luckily they’re not alone in this, because a growing number of international colleagues support them.

 

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Europeans in Africa

Like the 33 years old German photographer Marc Hofer for example, who quit his successful job at Microsoft to chase his dream of becoming a photo journalist. From his post in Kampala, Uganda, he covers South and East Africa with a refreshing point of view. ‘In the contemporary photo journalism on the African continent I see to much artistic manipulation. Foreign photographers only think about what their audience wants to see, not about what they should actually show. It’s so easy to get carried away by what sells, but at the same time very dangerous. It’s the main reason that Africa at this moment has such a bad and negative reputation; photographers have been looking and portraying this continent in a much to simplistic and sensational way for much to long.’ He as well sees an image that therefore is solely focussed on problems and conflicts, but there is hope. Hofer sees himself as part of a countermovement that has been growing the past few years: foreign photographers who try to broaden the vision on Africa by capturing the continent with an open mindset. ‘Well informed professionals who dive into background stories and show all sides of a story.’ Together with the their domestic colleagues they can create a context and reach international media, resulting in a more balanced picture of the continent that can actually contribute to improving the living situation of many Africans, instead of being counterproductive.’

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While Bila in Johannesburg goes into the townships to photograph the fashion and street cultures, Lukhovi visits the garbage dump of Dandora in the east of Nairobi for his series ‘Scavenging Boma’ to show the hope that can radiate from even the hardest of realities of living in wretched conditions. ‘I want to show South Africa to the world and the world to South Africa’, says one. ‘With my images I try to show the hope and success of people’, continues the other. ‘Our continent is full of blessings and even though it gets tagged as lost, there are more the enough beautiful and exhilarating stories to be told. Photography is the best medium to show these hopeful sides of the continent.’ That’s exactly the reason Dutch photographer Martin Waalboer uses it to capture the life in troublesome countries like Liberia (where he documented the life in the town of Harper), Ivory Coast, Burkina Faso and Guinea-Bissau from a cultural and artistic point of view. According to him foreigners have seen so much extremes coming from the these places, that they consider it to be normal. ‘Therefore I focus on average people, like a chronicler of daily life. We should be reporting like it’s a freak show over there, but find special things in the ordinary. They’re also just people like you and I’, he reflects.

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Different yet the same

Whether they’re domestic (Lukhovi and Bila) or foreign photographer (Hofer and Waalboer), they share the same values and goals: change the cliche image of Africa, step away from the stereotypical sensation coverage and go in-depth with the people. Even though getting published when covering stories about day to day life, the all want to keep showing the possibilities and potential of the countries they operate in through photography. Like Bila did with his ‘Township Diaries’ and ‘Portraits of Africa’ for example: personal projects that go deeper and show a fascinating aspect of a continent that deserves a more balanced photographic coverage then currently present in international media. If this growing group of conscious photographers together with their national and international dedicated colleagues can really change the image of the African continent in foreign media is a question that cannot be answered yet. ‘At least we can try’, they all agree, ‘to take away some of the preconceptions and misconceptions by portraying common people and documenting daily life’. According to them Africans shouldn’t allow outside media to tell them what is happening in their own countries: they should take matters into their own hands and take control of the imaging on their continent. Luckily this sense of responsibility is growing and by collaboration with counterparts from abroad this new image of Africa will eventually reach foreign audiences. Only is this way can they together take away this mark of lost continent in a photographical way.

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